Andrew W. Lo, Ph.D., Professor and Director of the Laboratory for Financial Engineering at MIT Sloan School of Management, believes the biggest barrier, from an investor perspective, are new business models. “That, to me, is the one thing that we can be thinking about differently that we aren’t right now. People are already focused on scientific collaborations, new types of biological mechanisms and targets, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and all the other -omics. But the one omics they haven’t focused on is economics, new ways of structuring biopharma businesses and financing them. This challenge also offers tremendous opportunities for applying the tools of modern financial engineering to biomedicine and getting investors to think differently…. By adopting a portfolio approach to biomedical R&D, we can lower the cost of capital, increase the amount of funding, and get new and better therapies to patients faster and cheaper.”